Since 1995, a group ofresearchers from the World Bank have been publishing a report every few yearson the topic of 'The Wealth of Nations' — its size, characteristics, andsignificance. The report highlights the importance of measuring wealth as acomplementary indicator to GDP, in assessing the stability and economicstrength of countries. Wealth is measured through physical capital, naturalresource capital, and intangible capital, which is mostly human capital. Thefindings of the World Bank show that economic development is closely alignedwith national wealth. The inequality between rich and poor countries in humancapital is very high, almost 100 times per person, and although wealth hasgrown in all countries, wealth per capita has not increased in poor countries.Since the World Bank's analyses are primarily comparative between developed anddeveloping countries and refer to the distribution of wealth in general, thischapter will focus on the Israeli case and will analyze in depth the distributionof wealth in Israel into its various components, as well as according toadditional demographic divisions.